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Strategy in the Era |
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| Over the past 250 years, the pace of change has increased at an increasingly rapid rate. Few enterprises are able to offer lifetime employment anymore; not because they don��셳 want to, but because they usually don��셳 survive long enough. |
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Genetic Algorithms A |
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| A significant challenge in managing today��셲 enterprise is quickly and effectively choosing among a large number of complex options and alternatives with subtle trade-offs. Fortunately, new computer applications using genetic algorithms can do a much better job at making these choices than a person using traditional analytical techniques. |
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Businesses Get a "Se |
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| Like animals, companies have always monitored changes in their environments. Historically, companies have moved slowly in response to changes. For example, if a retailer��셲 sales of red sweaters outpaced sales of green sweaters during the Christmas shopping season, the results would not be noticed until months later. By the time the retailer could react, the holiday season was over, and the insights might not be relevant to the following year. |
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Genetics Meets Innov |
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| In the field of genetics, scientists develop stronger species of corn and other crops through a process known as ��쐓eed, select, and amplify.��� First, they use a diverse range of seeds to grow several different varieties of the crop under various conditions, such as drought, frost, heavy rainfall, and so on. Then they select the seeds from the sturdiest and most productive strains of each generation of crops and cross-breed those with the desired trait for use in the next generation of test crops. Ultimately, over many generations, the scientists develop super-crops that produce more food, resist all types of weather and pests, and require less soil and water. |
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Video Gaming Becomes |
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| The market for home video games is only 30 years old. It began in 1975, when Atari released a home version of Pong. Global industry sales of home video games totaled $28 billion in 2002, the last year for which reliable worldwide industry figures are available. In the same year, U.S. sales of computer and video game hardware and software exceeded $11 billion and probably surpassed $13 billion in 2003. |
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